Alphabets and their pronunciation
Hello friends, we all know about the 26 English letters alphabets which include 21 consonants and 5 vowels. But do we know about phonemic transcription of them and the right pronunciation of the English alphabet?
मित्रो, हम सभी जानते है कि अंग्रेज़ी भाषा में 26 Letters (वर्ण) होते है | जिनमें 21 व्यंजन और 5 स्वर | परन्तु, क्या हम इन सभी alphabets का सही उच्चारण और उनकी ध्वन्यात्मक प्रतिलेखन (Phonemic Transcription) जानते हैं ?
Here it is, below the letter alphabets and their phonemic transcription are given, please read them carefully, and remember the phonemic transcription of each letter, and try to pronounce them as shown in “Hindi”.
यहां पर, इन सभी alphabets की phonemic transcription दी गई हैं | इन्हे ध्यान पूर्वक पढ़े और प्रत्येक letter को वैसे ही उच्चारण करने की कोशिश करें, जैसा की उसे हिंदी में लिखा गया है |
A B C D E F
/eɪ/ /bɪː/ /sɪː/ /dɪː/ /ɪː/ /ef/
/एई/ /बी/ /सी/ /डी/ /ई/ /एफ/
G H I J K L
/ʤɪː/ /eɪʧ/ /aɪ/ /ʤeɪ/ /keɪ/ /el/
/जी/ /एईच/ /आई/ /जेइ/ /केइ/ /एल/
M N O P Q R
/em/ /en/ /oʊ/ /pɪː/ /kʊː/ /aːr/
/एम/ /एन/ /अओ/ /पी/ /क्यू/ /आर/
S T U V W X
/es/ /tɪː/ /jʊː/ /vɪː/ /dʌb.jʊː/ /eks/
/एस/ /टी/ /यू/ /वी/ /डबयू/ /एक्स/
Y Z
/waɪ/ /zed/
/वाई/ /ज़ेड/
In the above, we have studied about 26 letters of the alphabet of English, these are usually taught in our school syllabus but actually, there are two alphabets in the English language.
पूर्व में हमने पढ़ा अंग्रेज़ी भाषा में 26 letters (वर्ण) होते हैं | जो हमारे विद्यालय के पाठ्यक्रम (syllabus) में पढायें जाते है | जबकि वास्तव में, अंग्रेज़ी भाषा में दो alphabets होते है |
They are: -
1. Letter Alphabet
2. Phonetic Alphabet (Phonetic Sounds)
Letter Alphabet: - Letter alphabet has 26 letters. Among them 5 are vowels and 21 are consonants.
अंग्रेज़ी वर्णमाला में 26 वर्ण होते है | जिनमे 5 स्वर और 21 व्यंजन होते हैं |
Vowels in English Letter – a, e, i, o & u.
Consonant in English Letter- b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r,
s, t, v, w, x, y & z.
Phonetic alphabet: - Phonetic alphabet has 44 sounds. Among them, 24 are consonant sounds and 20 are vowel sounds.
a) Vowel Sounds
b) Consonants Sounds
Vowel sounds: - A sound we make when the breath flows out through the mouth freely without being blocked. The English letters a, e, i, o, and u are called vowels because they represent such sounds.
जब किसी वर्ण का उच्चारण करते समय, हवा मुँह में से बिना रुकावट के बाहर आती है, उस वक़्त जो ध्वनि बनती है, उन्हें स्वर कहते है | अंग्रेज़ी वर्णमाला में a, e, i, o, u को स्वर कहते है |
There are 20 vowel sounds in the phonetic alphabet. Among them, 6 are short vowels, 6 are long vowels and 8 are diphthongs.
i) Short vowel (ह्रस्व स्वर)
ii) Long vowels (दीर्घ स्वर)
iii) Diphthongs (दीप्त होंगस )
Short Vowel Sounds: - Short vowels are vowel sounds that are pronounced in a short form. They can be compared with long vowel sounds.
इन स्वरों के उच्चारण में कम से कम समय लगता है | इनकी तुलना “Long Vowel Sounds” से की जा सकती हैं |
The word 'ship' has a short /ɪ/ sound, whilst the equivalent long sound /ɪ:/ produces the word 'sheep'.
शब्द 'ship' में vowel का उच्चारण छोटा हैं, जबकि 'sheep' में लंबा हैं |
Short Vowel Sounds
Long Vowel Sounds:- A long vowel is a vowel sound that is pronounced the same way as the name of the letter itself. They can be compared with short vowel sounds.
इन स्वरों के उच्चारण में short vowel से अधिक समय लगता है | इनकी तुलना “Short Vowel Sounds” से की जा सकती है |
e.g., the long U sound is pronounced like "Yoo" as would be the case in words like "lure" and "tube."
By contrast, the short U sound is pronounced more like "uh," as in words like "cub" and "tub."
Long Vowel Sounds
Diphthongs: - Diphthongs are such vowel sounds in which the tongue changes position to produce the sound of two vowels.
Diphthongs ऐसी स्वर ध्वनि है, जिसे उच्चारित करते समय जीभ अपनी जगह बदल लेती है |
Diphthongs
Consonant Sounds:-A sound we make that is not a vowel. The breath is somehow blocked on its way out of the mouth.
ये वो ध्वनिया, जो स्वर नहीं है, और इन्हें बोलते वक़्त साँस मुँह में अवरोध उत्पन्न करती है |
Consonant sounds
Fact on letters and sounds
1) Letters are written and sounds are spoken.
2) When we write, we use the writing (spellings) alphabet which has 26 letters.
3) When we speak, we use the speaking (Phonetic) alphabet which consists of 44 sounds.
4) Letter alphabet consists of 26 letters & the letters do not always represent the same sounds in English.
5) In British English, we say /Zed/.
6) In American English, we say/Zee/.
7) Each letter has an upper case (“Capital Letter”) and lower case (“Small Letter”).
8) The English alphabet is based on the Latin script, which is the basic set of letters common to the various alphabets originating from the classical Latin alphabet.
9) The English word ‘Alphabet’ comes from the first two letters of the Greek alphabet ‘Alpha’ and ‘Beta’.