Present Tense

                             Present Simple Tense

Present Simple Tense or Present Indefinite Tense: - It is used to talk about regular actions, habits, hobbies, likes /dislikes, Universal truth, and permanent facts.

Identity – The Hindi sentences having ता है, ती है, ते है in their end are Present Indefinite Tenses.

 

            जिन वाक्यों के अंत में ता है, ती है, ते है आदि शब्द आते है, ऐसे वाक्यों को Present Indefinite Tense के वाक्य कहते है । इस प्रकार के वाक्यों में verb की Ist form का प्रयोग करते है । केवल Third Person Singular (He, She, it, Singular noun) मे ही verb की First form के साथ s/es जोड़ते है।

                  Structure: - Subject + main verb + object.

ü  Points to be noticed-

i. In this tense the main verb is used in present form (V1).

ii. If the subject is singular then add ‘s’ or 'es' in the verb first form (V1 + s or es) while a making

positive statement.

Iii.  If the subject is plural then there is no need to add ‘s’ or ‘es' in the verb’s first form(V1).

iv.  While making a negative statement ‘Does not' is used as a helping verb with singular subjects.

v. ‘Do not' is used with plural subjects.

vi. S, SS, Z, X, CH, O, SH – Use ‘es’

vii. In the last of the Hindi sentence, we find (ता है, ती है, ते है)

viii. Wh Words - what, who, whom, whose, which, when, where, why, and how.

 

Sentence Structure (Simply  Structures):

·         Positive Statement Structure

                      Subject + main verb + object.

                                     S + MV + O.

                                 He plays football.

                             (वह क्रिकेट खेलता है। )

 

·         Negative Statement Structure

               Subject +helping verb+ mode of verb +object.

                         S + Do not/Does not + MV + O.

                             He does not play football.

                            (वह क्रिकेट नहीं खेलता है।)

·         Positive Question Structure

                         Do/Does + S + MV + O +?

                            Do you speak English?

                        (क्या आप अंग्रेजी बोलते हो?)

 

·         Negative Question Structure

                       Do/Does + S + Not + MV + O +?

                        Do they not use their cell phone?  

           (क्या वे अपना सेलफोन इस्तेमाल नहीं करते हैं?)

 

·         Positive Question with Question Word Structure

                    (WH) word + Do/Does + S + MV + O +?

                               Why does he tell a lie?

                             (वह झूठ क्यों बोलता है?)

 

·         Negative Question with Question Word Structure

                (WH) Word + Do/Does + S + Not + MV + O +?

                       At what time do you take breakfast?

                         (आप कितने बजे नाश्ता करते हैं?)

 

We hope you may have learned the uses of all these structures. 

Now it’s time to practice English with a new approach to achieve good and effective fluency.

It is called the Fluency Development Technique.

 In the table given below, let’s study “Present Indefinite Tense” with the structure having one Subject-She

and one Action Verb- Knead and one object the dough.

                                  Table No. 1

Subject-She	Action Verb- Knead
She kneads the dough.    She does not knead the dough.   Does she knead the dough?   Does she not knead the dough?   How does she knead the dough?   Why does she not knead the dough?	वह आटा गूंथती है।    वह आटा नहीं गूंथती है।   क्या वह आटा गूंथती है?   क्या वह आटा नहीं गूंथती है?   वह आटा कैसे गूंथती है?   वह आटा क्यों नहीं गूंथती है?

Table No. 2

Subject –My Mom	Action verb –Peel Potatoes
My Mom peels potatoes.   ……………………………………………….   Does my mom peel potatoes?   Does my mom not peel potatoes?   ……………………………………………………   …………………………………………………..	मेरी माँ आलू छीलती है।   मेरी माँ आलू नहीं छीलती है।   …………………………………… ……………………………….   मेरी माँ आलू कब छीलती है?   मेरी माँ आलू क्यों नहीं छीलती है?

Table No. 3

Subject – They	Action verb – Chop Fruits
………………………………….   They do not chop fruits.   Do they chop fruits?   ………………………………………….   ………………………………………..   How do they chop fruits?	वे फल काटते हैं।   …………………………………………….   ………………………………………….   क्या वे फल नहीं काटते हैं?   वे फल कहाँ काटते हैं?   …………………………………………

Table No. 4

Subject – She	Action verb – Bake Bread
……………………………………….   She does not bake bread.   …………………………………………   Does she not bake bread?   How does she bake bread?   …………………………………………….	वह रोटी सेंकती है।   ……………………………………………   क्या वह रोटी सेंकती है?   ……………………………………………   …………………………………………….   वह रोटी क्यों नहीं सेंकती है?

                                

                  Exercise to be practiced

Subjects                                Action Verbs

You                                          switch off TV.

Mohit                                     know everything.

They                                         run fast.

Shakir                                        tell a lie.

 

Create 2-3 imaginations using the above statements.

1.      …………………………………………………….

2.      …………………………………………………….

3.      …………………………………………………….

4.      …………………………………………………….

5.      …………………………………………………….

6.      …………………………………………………….

7.      …………………………………………………….

8.      …………………………………………………….

9.      …………………………………………………….

10. ……………………………………………………..

 

Create a few sentences from your daily life using the verbs & words given below.

Bath, Eat, Ride, School Bus, Peon, Write, Pubg, Bark, Run,

Study, etc.